A new report from Up for Growth, Housing Underproduction in the U.S., found that housing underproduction in the U.S. reached 3.8 million homes in 2019, up from 1.6 million in 2012. The first-of-its-kind longitudinal study tracking nationwide housing underproduction by state and across 814 regional markets models housing data from 2,351 U.S. Census Bureau geographies called Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs). Researchers found not only a deepening housing crisis, but one that is also becoming more widespread, affecting urban, suburban and rural areas, and profoundly impacting residents in nearly every state.