HUD’s Office of Policy and Development Research submitted its Worst Case Housing Needs 2023 Report to Congress, showing that worst-case housing needs reached a record high of 8.53 million renter households in 2021. The report measures the extent of unmet needs for rental housing through two factors: households living in inadequate physical conditions and those paying more than half of their income on rent. The previous record high had been reached in 2011 at 8.48 million renters.